Plain bolts (without screw threads) can be locked into position with a split pin. A small washer is sometimes used as this stops the split pin rubbing directly against the tube. This helps reduce wear on the split pin.

This type of joint has the advantage that it is easy to put together. A big disadvantage is that frames held together by this type of fixing usually are not particularly firm / rigid. The frame has movement and consequently cannot be used to support heavy weights. However, special tools or knowledge are not required to use plain bolts and split pins.

SAMPLE TROLLEY FRAMEWORK

The example shown opposite is a typical light-weight trolley. It is delivered to the customer in a flat pack and is assembled with a few simple tools. These include simple spanners that are also included in the pack.
The spanners are used to bolt the steel tube frame together and a couple of split pins are used to fasten the wheels in position.

QUESTION:
1. Draw a diagram showing the trolley assembled using different types of fittings and fastenings than the ones shown above.

2. Explain your choice of fastenings for question 1.
3. In your opinion, which fastenings are the most appropriate for the trolley? Why?
4. The handles on the trolley shown above are plain tube and are uncomfortable to use. Produce two ergonomically designed handles, an example is shown below. Add explanatory notes.

5. Design a trolley system for transporting garden equipment around a garden. The trolley should be capable of holding heavy weights, capable of moving over rough ground and be as light as possible.

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